Bites and stings are caused by insects and there are differences between the two:

• A bite is when the insect releases saliva when actually biting into the skin.
• A sting is when venom is injected to the wound when the insect punctures the skin.

A bite or sting will often appear small, red and lumpy which can cause the skin to become itchy and painful.

Bites can clear up after several hours; however, some people may experience an allergic reaction if they are particularly sensitive. In serious cases, anaphylaxis can occur which is severe allergic reaction.

Treatment for bites and stings

• Most insect bites will cause symptoms which will clear up after a few hours.
• On first signs of a bite or sting, wash it with soap and water.
• Place a cold, wet cloth on the affected area to reduce the swelling.
• Avoid scratching as this could cause infection.
• Remove the sting as soon as possible and avoid squeezing it as it could release more venom.
• Steroid creams such as hydrocortisone will reduce swelling, redness and itching.
• Antihistamines can help to treat numerous bites and allergic reactions to bites.
• Painkillers such as paracetamol and ibuprofen can be recommended to relieve any pain.

Click here to read more on the symptoms of bites and stings.

Tips on preventing bites and stings

• Cover up the exposed skin at particular times of the day such as sunrise and sunset.
• Apply insect repellent containing DEET (diethyltoluamide) to exposed skin.
• Avoid using strong perfumed soaps and moisturisers as insects are attracted to them.
• If you have pets, treat them for fleas to avoid the risk of infestation.
• If the customer is going camping, advise to avoid sleeping next to ponds and rivers.
• Before travelling abroad,  determine the risk of diseases from malaria, yellow fever etc.