Rosacea is characterised by intense reddening of the skin.

• Typically localised over the central face (cheek, nose, forehead, and chin). 
• May also develop small bumps and pus filled spots.
• Predominantly:
  – Affects fair skinned individuals.
  – Aged 40 to 60.
• More common in women but more severe when affects men.

Cause

• The action of triggers is not fully known.
• They cause the blood vessels in the skin of the face to dilate.
• Inflammation on the surface of eyes and eyelids may also develop.

Treatment

Focus is on management of the signs and symptoms.

• Brimonidine: to treat the redness.
• Azelaic acid and Metronidazole: to treat pustules.
• Oral antibiotics: effectiveness isn’t well studied but helps to reduce inflammation.
• Isotretinoin: in severe rosacea that doesn't respond to other therapies, this may be prescribed by a specialist.
• Laser therapy: may be considered to reduce the redness of enlarged blood vessels.