Diagnosis of menopause is primarily based on symptoms and the age of the woman.
NICE guidelines say for an otherwise healthy woman over the age of 45, the following can be diagnosed without laboratory testing:
NICE does not recommend performing a pelvic exam unless there is a clinical indication, and other causes of symptoms need to be ruled out. NICE goes on to say that a serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) test can be used to diagnose women who aren’t taking combined contraception or hormone replacement therapy if:
- Aged over 45 years with atypical symptoms.
- Aged between 40–45 years with menopausal symptoms, including a change in menstrual cycle.
- Younger than 40 years with a suspected diagnosis of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). See the section on Diagnosis of premature ovarian insufficiency for more information.
- Over 50 years of age using progestogen-only contraception, including depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA). See the CKS topic on Contraception - progestogen-only methods for more information. If the FSH level is in the premenopausal range, the woman should continue contraception and the FSH level should be rechecked in 1 year.