DVT is a blood clot in one of the deep veins of the body commonly the calf and thighs. It can be caused by many things but long journeys, particularly long haul flights, involving long periods of inactivity can increase the risk of developing a DVT.

A DVT is usually experienced in one leg but can occur in both and symptoms include:-

• Pain, swelling or tenderness in the lower leg
• Aching in the leg
• Skin in the affected area may look red and feel warm particularly below the back of the knee

Be aware that some people may not experience any symptoms.

If the clot moves from its original site it can travel through the body and make its way to the lungs which can cause a pulmonary embolism which may cause symptoms such as breathlessness, chest pain or sudden collapse.

Anyone can develop a DVT but the risk increases with age and the following factors:-

• Family history
• Being overweight
• Certain medical conditions e.g. cancer
• A previous DVT
• Pregnancy or within six weeks of giving birth
• Varicose veins
• Smoking
• Recent surgery - especially lower limb immobilisation such as plaster cast
• Medication such as combined oral contraceptives and HRT

A pulmonary embolism and DVT are both very serious and someone who describes these symptoms, particularly those that have been on a long haul flight, should be referred directly to the pharmacist as they may require immediate treatment.

A DVT will require treatment with medication such as an anticoagulant e.g. warfarin or heparin

The best treatment for DVT is prevention, so if you know a customer who may be going on a journey whether that be flight, car or train over four hours you should provide the following advice to help reduce the risk of developing a DVT:-

• Avoid long periods of inactivity
• Avoid salty snacks
• Keep hydrated by drinking water
• Don't take sleeping pill as this may stop you moving regularly
• Do regular clad and foot muscle exercises
• Make sure you have as much room as possible in front of you to enable to you to move freely
• Patients identified as being high to moderate risk should be advised to wear flight socks to help improve circulation