Atopic eczema is the most common form of eczema. It can start at any age but usually starts in babies and young children. Although there is no cure, it is thought that symptoms will improve as they get older.

It is unknown why atopic eczema develops however research has indicted that patients are more likely to have it if:

• they have a parent with atopic eczema
• the patient or a close family member has hay fever or asthma

• The main symptom is an itch which becomes unbearable and will therefore upset children causing problems with sleeping leading to irritability and tiredness.
• A period of ‘flare ups’ will cause the skin to become red and sore.
• Irritants – such as soap and detergents, including shampoo and washing powder can irritate the skin.
• Teething in babies.
• Environmental factors or allergens such as house dust mites, pets, pollen and moulds.
• Food allergies - mostly related to cow’s milk and eggs.
• Infections with bacteria or viruses which require specific treatment.
• Heat or changes in temperature.

Emollients are the main remedy for managing atopic eczema to protect the skin and come in the form of lotions, creams and ointments. Patients may need to try more than one emollient until they find one that works for them. Click here to read more on emollients from the National Ezcema Society.

Self-care tips:

• Be careful during the summer months as rising temperatures can aggravate the eczema and upset the child, try keeping rooms at a cool temperature.
• Avoid certain fabrics/tight fitted clothing – stick to lighter materials such as cottons and fine weave.
• Before cutting out cow’s milk and eggs from the child’s diet, advise the parent/guardian to speak to their GP as children need calcium and protein from these foods.

To read more on managing atopic eczema, please take a look at our Counter Excellence module here.