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Key facts
- Over 1 million people in the UK are living with heart failure with around 200,000 new diagnoses every year
- Heart failure is diagnosed by signs, symptoms and findings on an echocardiogram report for ejection fraction
- Diuretics remain the mainstay of treatment for managing fluid congestion in all types of heart failure
- Recent clinical trials provided a robust evidence base to improve prognosis in HFrEF through use of SGLT2 inhibitors (dapagliflozin and empagliflozin) in patients with heart failure both with and without type 2 diabetes.
Contributing author: Alison Warren, consultant pharmacist, cardiology, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust and Sussex ICS